• Early post-stroke literature reveals perceptual and motor impairments can be dissociated yet jointly constrain self-care abilities, with motor deficit more tightly linked to ADL outcomes and perceptual factors forming distinct clusters that persist long-term [1], [3], [2], [7].

• Intensified rehabilitation strategies demonstrate improved arm/hand recovery, implying dose, intensity, and motor learning principles are key to functional gains; evidence includes randomized therapy trials and progression in distal limb function [6], [7], [11].

• Engineering-driven rehabilitation tools—including portable FNS, robotic systems, teleoperation, and sensor-based feedback—provide new motor training modalities and opportunities for closed-loop control in recovery [20], [13], [9], [15], [12], [14].

• Reliability and standardization of neurorehabilitation assessments (e.g., spasticity measures; broad measurement frameworks) emerge as crucial for valid interpretation and comparability of outcomes [16], [8].

• Neurobehavioral and cognitive dimensions are integrated into sensorimotor rehabilitation, underscoring the role of neuropsychology and motivation alongside motor-focused interventions [4], [3].